Normal lab values are a set of bio-physiological
laboratory values that are found constant among human population detected
using standard techniques. These values are used by the health professionals to
interpret or identify a disease process in an individual. Normal lab values are
essential in determining the prevalence of a systemic disease, course of the
disease process, and also the treatment measures.
Red Blood Cell Count
Test Value Range Unit
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RBC, Red blood cells (male) 4.2 – 5.6 mln/mm3 or M/µL
RBC, Red blood cells (female) 3.8 – 5.1 mln/mm3 or M/µL
RBC, Red blood cells (child) 3.5 – 5.0 mln/mm3 or M/µL
RBC Values
Hct, Hematocrit
(male) 39
– 54 %
Hct, Hematocrit (female) 34
– 47 %
Hct, Hematocrit (child) 30
– 42 %
MCV, Mean cell volume 78
– 98 fL
Red blood cell distribution
width (RDW) 11.5
– 14.5 %
Reticulocyte (adult) 0.5
- 1.5 % of RBC
Reticulocyte (infant) 0.5
- 3.1 % of RBC
Reticulocyte (newborn) 1.1
– 4.5 % of RBC
Hemoglobin Values
Hb, Hemoglobin (male) 14 – 18 g/dL
Hb, Hemoglobin (female) 11 – 16 g/dL
Hb, Hemoglobin (child) 10 – 14 g/dL
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 3.6 – 5.3 % of Hb
Haptoglobin 0.35 – 2.1 g/L
MCH, Mean cell hemoglobin 27 – 35 pg/cell
MCHC, Mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration 31 – 37 %
White Blood Cell Values
WBC, White blood cells (male) 3.5 – 11 K/mm3
WBC, White blood cells (female) 3.8 – 11 K/mm3
WBC, White blood cells (child) 5.0 – 10 K/mm3
WBC Values
Neutrophil granulocytes 45
– 81 % of WBC
Neutrophilic band forms 1
– 5 %
Lymphocytes 14
– 44 %
Monocytes 2
– 6 %
Eosinophils 1
– 5 %
Basophils 0
– 1 %
CD4+ (normal % value) 31
– 63 %
CD4+ (absolute count) 416
– 1751 /µL
Blood Coagulation
Platelet count, Thrombocyte (Plt) 130 – 450 x1000/µL
MPV, Mean platelet volume 7.4-
10.4 fL
PT, Prothrombin time 10
– 15 PT
INR 0.9
- 1.2
Thrombin clotting time (TCT) 11
– 18 s
Fibrinogen 1.7
- 4.2 g/L
Antithrombin 0.80
- 1.2 kIU/L
Bleeding time 2
– 9 minutes
Viscosity 1.5
- 1.72 cP
Immunology - Acute phase proteins
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Male) 0 to Age÷2 mm/hr
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (female) 0 to (Age+10)÷2 mm/hr
C-reactive protein (CRP) 5
– 6 mg/L
Alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) 89
– 230 mg/dL
Isotypes of antibodies
IgA 70
– 560 mg/dL
IgD 0.5
- 3.0 mg/dL
IgE 0.01
- 0.04 mg/dL
IgG 800
– 1800 mg/dL
IgM 54
– 220 mg/dL
Enzymes and Proteins
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 0.4
- 1.7 μmol/L
50
– 150 U/L
Amylase 200
– 240 nmol/L
D-dimer 0.5 mg/L
Lipase 7
– 208 U/L
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 23 – 57 U/L
Acid phosphatase 3.0 ng/mL
Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) 2.3 – 16 µg/L
Electrolytes and Metabolites
Osmolality 275
– 297 mOsm/kg
Osmolarity 275
– 297 slightly less mOsm/l
Urea 7
- 21 mg/dL
Uric acid (male) 2.1
- 8.5 mg/dL
Uric acid (female) 2.0
- 7.0 mg/dL
Creatinine (male) 0.7
- 1.3 mg/dL
62
– 115 μmol/L
Creatinine (female) 0.6
- 1.1 mg/dL
53
– 97 μmol/L
BUN/Creatinine Ratio 5
– 35 mg/dL
Plasma glucose (fasting) 65
– 120 mg/dL
3.9
- 5.8 mmol/L
Full blood glucose (fasting) 60
– 100 mg/dL
Lactate (Venous) 4.5
- 19.8 mg/dL
Lactate (Arterial) 4.5
- 14.4 mg/dL
Pyruvate 300
– 900 μg/dL
Sodium (Na) 136
– 145 mmol/L
Potassium (K) 3.5
- 5.5 mmol/L
BUN 2.5
- 6.4 mmol/L
Urea 15
– 40 mg/dL
2.5
- 6.4 mmol/L
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